The modern vernier caliper, reading to thousandths of an inch, was invented by American Joseph R. īy the Han Dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD), the Chinese also used the sliding caliper, which they made of bronze and manufactured each tool with an inscription of the day, month, and year it was made (according to Chinese era names and their lunar calendar). Although rare finds, caliper remained in use by the Greeks and Romans. The wooden piece already featured a fixed and a movable jaw. The ship find dates to the 6th century BC. The earliest caliper has been found in the Greek Giglio wreck near the Italian coast. In this usage, "caliper" implies only the form factor of the vernier or dial caliper (or its modern evolution to a digital scale with sliding linear encoder). In machine-shop usage, the term "caliper" is often used in contradistinction to "micrometer", even though outside micrometers are technically a form of caliper. However, this usage is mostly colloquial and the regular noun sense of caliper usually dominates, especially in writing.Īlso existing colloquially but not in formal usage is referring to a vernier caliper as a " vernier". That is, sometimes a caliper is treated cognitively like a pair of glasses or a pair of scissors, resulting in a phrase such as "hand me those calipers" or "those calipers are mine" in reference to one unit. A plurale tantum sense of the word "calipers" coexists in natural usage with the regular noun sense of "caliper".
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